Customaries and Manoeuvres of Alveolar Consternation for Patients with Pulmonic Tuberculosis

Abstract

It is estimated that a third of the world's population is infected with Mycobacterium tuberculosis (the causative agent of tuberculosis), while every year approximately 9 million people develop tuberculosis, 2 million of them die. Of the 9 million cases of tuberculosis reported annually, about 1 million (11%) occur in children under the age of 15. Of these, 75% of cases are registered in 22 countries with the heaviest burden of tuberculosis, which is about 80% of cases of tuberculosis in children registered worldwide. In general, in different countries, children account for from 3- 25% or more of the total number of tuberculosis cases. As a rule, infection with Mycobacterium tuberculosis occurs during breathing as a result of airborne droplets entering the lungs, which are released when a patient coughs with pulmonary tuberculosis. For children, the source of infection is usually an adult patient who is in close contact with a child (most often living in the same family). As a result of infection, primary specific inflammation develops and a complex consisting of the affected area is formed pulmonary parenchyma (then a focus of Rut is formed) and zones of tuberculous inflammation in regional lymph nodes. The immune response (delayed hypersensitivity and cellular immunity) develops 4-6 weeks after the initial infection with Mycobacterium tuberculosis. Most often, the immune response suppresses the growth of M.tuberculosis, while the presence of infection in the body can only be indicated by a positive result of a tuberculin skin test (TCP).